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Back in 2021, a conspiracy theory began circulating in certain corners of the digital underworld, surmising that the internet itself was fake—driven more by artificial entities than real people. At the time, the so-called “dead internet theory” seemed little more than a quirky, dystopian observation. But since then, the ratio of bot-to-human activity has been rising: Around two years ago, bot traffic actually surpassed human traffic online for the first time—a shift that cybersecurity companies have attributed to the rise of L.L.M.s.